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Field Sobriety Tests Explained: How They Work and How They Are Challenged

Field sobriety tests are one of the most common tools law enforcement uses during DUI (OWI) investigations in Michigan.

If you’ve been pulled over on suspicion of drunk driving, there’s a good chance you were asked to perform one or more of these tests on the side of the road.

But here’s what many people don’t realize:

👉 Field sobriety tests are not always reliable—and they can often be challenged in court.

Understanding how these tests work—and their limitations—can make a major difference in your defense.

What Are Field Sobriety Tests?

Field sobriety tests are physical and cognitive exercises used by police officers to assess whether a driver may be impaired.

They are typically conducted during a traffic stop when an officer suspects alcohol or drug use.

These tests are designed to evaluate:

Common Types of Field Sobriety Tests

There are three standardized tests recognized by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA):

Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN)

Walk-and-Turn Test

One-Leg Stand Test

Are Field Sobriety Tests Accurate?

Field sobriety tests are often presented as reliable—but they are far from perfect.

Several factors can affect performance:

👉 Even completely sober individuals can struggle with these tests.

Are You Required to Take Field Sobriety Tests in Michigan?

In Michigan, field sobriety tests are voluntary.

You can legally refuse to perform them.

However:

👉 This is different from chemical tests, which have separate legal consequences.

How Field Sobriety Tests Are Used in Court

Prosecutors often use these tests to:

But their reliability can be challenged.

How a DUI Lawyer Can Challenge Field Sobriety Tests

An experienced defense attorney can examine:

Officer Training

Were the tests administered properly?

Test Conditions

Were conditions safe and appropriate?

Medical Factors

Did health issues affect performance?

Video Evidence

Does dashcam footage contradict the officer’s report?

👉 These factors can weaken the prosecution’s case significantly.

Why Field Sobriety Tests Matter for Your Defense

Field sobriety tests often form the foundation of a DUI case.

If these tests are flawed:

👉 Speak with a Grand Rapids DUI lawyer to evaluate your case.

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Field Sobriety Test Facts

They are not always reliable and can be influenced by many non-alcohol-related factors.
Yes, they are voluntary, though refusal may raise suspicion.
Yes, improper administration or conditions can be used in your defense.
No, they are subjective and do not definitively prove impairment.